One picture carries both uses of the verb: something sharp goes all the way through a thing and holds it where it stands. Not just a wound — a pin. Whatever has been transfixed is now fixed. Modern English mostly uses the picture rather than the act: a sight, a sound or a piece of news goes through you, and your feet stop working.

動詞的兩個意思,可以想成同一個畫面。一根尖的東西整個穿過去,然後把那樣東西釘在原地。重點不只是刺到,而是刺穿之後再也移不動。今天的英文比較少講真的長矛和箭,多半是拿這個畫面來比喻:一個景象、一個聲音、一個消息從你身上穿過去,然後你的腳就不聽使喚了。所以聽到 she stood transfixed,不必想成她很感動,先想成她被釘住了。

From the word’s history

From Latin transfigo, to pierce through: trans- (through) plus figo (to pierce), reaching English through Old and Middle French transfixer.

來自拉丁文 transfigō「刺穿」:trans-(穿過)加 figō(刺),再經由古法文、中古法文的 transfixer 進入英文。所以「刺穿並釘住」是這個字最早的樣子,「讓人定住不動」是從它長出來的比喻。

Wiktionary entry 'transfix' (etymology 1), source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:830494463

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

原始詞典資料4 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

transfixverb詞源 1

  • 1

    To render motionless, by arousing terror, amazement or awe.

    • He stood transfixed before the unaccustomed view of London at night time, a vast panorama which reminded him […] of some wood engravings far off and magical, in a printshop in his childhood. They dated from the previous century and were coarsely printed on tinted paper, with tinsel outlining the design.
    • But we may as well accept her story as true, for it is likely she would have been transfixed by the narcissism of the weight lifters.
  • 2

    To pierce with a sharp pointed weapon.

    • The spear transfixed my arm that was uplifted In swift expostulation, and the blood Gushed round its point: I smiled, […]
    • There was a little stream that ran not far away, in which he bathed, and down this on occasion would come a shoal of fish. Then the natives would assemble with spears, and with much shouting would transfix the great startled things as they hurried down to the sea.
  • 3

    To fix or impale.

transfixnoun詞源 2

  • 1

    human-scienceslinguisticssciencesA discontinuous affix, typical of Afro-Asiatic languages, which occurs at more than one position in a word, i.e. a combination of prefixes, infixes and/or suffixes.

    • The Arabic word مكتوب (maktūb, “written”) is built from the root [script needed] (k–t–b, “writing”) and the transfix [script needed] (ma––ū–, “passive participle”).

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。