Picture a line running between a person and the world, the line that carries cold, pain, danger, praise. Insensible is what you say when nothing comes along that line. The useful thing about the word is that it never says which end is at fault. Usually it is the person: the hands stop reporting the cold, the warning does not land, or the body is out altogether and every line is dead at once. But the same shape works from the other end, where the person is fine and the thing is simply too small or too slow for any sense to catch. One old branch leaves the body behind and follows the other meaning of sense — not what you feel, but what words mean — so a document nobody can read a meaning into is insensible too.
From the word’s history
Wiktionary traces it through Middle English and Old French to Late Latin insensibilis: in- not, plus the sense root, plus -ible able to be. The literal reading is not able to be felt, and it does not specify who fails to feel.
Wiktionary 說它經過中古英文、古法文,來自晚期拉丁文 īnsēnsibilis。拆開是 in-(不)加上 sens-(感覺,跟 sense 同源)加上 -ible(可以⋯⋯的)。字面就是「感覺不到的」。重點在於這個字面沒有指明是誰感覺不到,這正好對上它今天往兩邊發展的用法。
Wiktionary entry for insensible, etymology: From Middle English insensible, from Old French insensible, from Late Latin insensibilis. Source ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1110432393:24697
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