Picture something making its way upward and holding on as it goes: hands on rock, on bark, a green shoot a fence. Climber names whatever is doing that. The -er ending is the whole trick, because it does not care what kind of thing you point it at. Point it at a person on a mountain and you get the sport. Point it at a monkey and you get an ability. Point it at a plant and you get a garden category. Point it at someone working their way up through people, and you get the sharpest use of all.

可以想成一個往上移動、而且一路抓著東西的畫面:手扣在岩壁上、爪子抓著樹皮、一條綠色的芽纏上籬笆。climber 就是在指「正在做這件事的那一個」。關鍵在 -er 這個字尾。它不挑對象。指向山上的人,就成了一項運動。指向猴子,就成了一種本事。指向植物,就成了園藝的分類。指向在人際關係裡一路往上攀的人,就成了最帶刺的那個用法。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary records climber as Middle English clymbere, from climben plus the agent suffix -er, and analyses the modern word as climb + -er. The suffix is exactly what lets one word cover people, animals and plants.

字典記錄 climber 來自中古英語的 clymbere,也就是動詞 climben 加上表示「做這個動作的人或物」的字尾 -er,現代拼法就是 climb + -er。正因為這個字尾不限定對象,同一個字才能同時涵蓋人、動物和植物。

Wiktionary entry for climber, noun, etymology 1 (supplied in evidence packet): "From Middle English clymbere, clymber ... from climben + -er, -ere (suffix forming agent nouns)."

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