Papers about one person or subject, all gathered and kept together in order — originally documents strung on a thread or wire so they stay lined up and easy to find. The heart is 'things kept together in an line'.

可以想成:把關於同一個人、同一件事的紙張全部收攏在一起、排好放整齊——最早其實是把文件一張張串在一條線或一根鐵絲上,讓它們乖乖排成一列、好找。file 的核心畫面,比較像這種「把東西收攏、排成有序的一列」。它源自拉丁文 filum(一條線)。

From the word’s history

The document/folder/computer 'file', and 'file' as a line of people, both come from Latin filum 'a thread' (via French fil/filer 'to string') — documents strung on a thread, people in a thread-like row. The smoothing-tool 'file' is a SEPARATE word, from Old English feol.

檔案、資料夾、電腦檔案的 file,以及「排成縱列」的 file,都源自拉丁文 filum(一條線)——文件串在線上、人排成一條線。至於「銼刀」那個 file,則是另一個來源不同的字,來自古英語 feol,只是恰好同拼法。

etymonline.com/word/file

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

原始詞典資料23 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Filename

  • 1

    A surname.

filenoun詞源 1/faɪl/

  • 1

    A collection of papers collated and archived together.

    • It is upon a file with the duke's other letters.
    • We'd like to know a little bit about you for our files We'd like to help you learn to help yourself
  • 2

    A roll or list.

    • a file of all the gentry
  • 3

    A course of thought; a thread of narration.

    • Let me resume the file of my narration.
  • 4

    computingengineeringmathematicsAn aggregation of data on a storage device, identified by a name.

    • He had created a file for coding to design a new product.
    • I'm going to delete these unwanted files to free up some disk space.
  • 5

    A row of modular kitchen units and a countertop, consisting of cabinets and appliances below (dishwasher) and next to (stove/cooker) a countertop.

    • Many homes now have double-file kitchens.

fileverb詞源 1/faɪl/

  • 1

    To commit (official papers) to some office.

    • She filed their accounts yesterday.
    • The episode’s unwillingness to fully commit to the pathos of the Bart-and-Laura subplot is all the more frustrating considering its laugh quota is more than filled by a rollicking B-story that finds Homer, he of the iron stomach and insatiable appetite, filing a lawsuit against The Frying Dutchman when he’s hauled out of the eatery against his will after consuming all of the restaurant’s shrimp (plus two plastic lobsters).
  • 2

    lawTo commit (official papers) to some office.

    • She filed for divorce the next day.
    • The company filed for bankruptcy when the office opened on Monday.
  • 3

    (of a journalist) To submit (an article) to a newspaper or similar publication.

    • I filed my copy soon after the interview.
  • 4

    To place in an archive in a logical place and order.

    • Troves of documents filed away in the depository.
  • 5

    To store a file (aggregation of data) on a storage medium such as a disc or another computer.

  • 6

    obsoleteTo set in order; to arrange, or lay away.

    • I would have my several courses and my dishes well filed.

filenoun詞源 2/faɪl/

  • 1

    A column of people one behind another, whether "single file" or in a grid pattern.

    • The troops marched in Indian file.
  • 2

    governmentmilitarypoliticsA small detachment of soldiers.

  • 3

    board-gameschessgamesOne of the eight vertical lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a letter).

fileverb詞源 2/faɪl/

  • 1

    To move in a file.

    • The applicants kept filing into the room until it was full.

filenoun詞源 3/faɪl/

  • 1

    A tool consisting of a strip or rod of hardened and coarse metal, used for removing sharp edges, shaping, and cutting, especially through metal; usually a hand tool.

  • 2

    archaicslangA cunning or resourceful person.

    • Will is an old file, in spite of his smooth face.
    • The greatest character among them was that of a Pickpocket, or, in truer language, a File.
  • 3

    obsoleteslangA pickpocket.

    • The greatest character among them was that of a pickpocket, or, in their language, a file.

fileverb詞源 3/faɪl/

  • 1

    To smooth, grind, or cut with a file.

    • I'd better file the bottoms of the table legs. Otherwise they will scratch the flooring.
    • Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

fileverb詞源 4/faɪl/

  • 1

    archaicTo defile.

    • I cannot thinke […] So true a bird would file ſo faire a neſt, […]
    • for Banquo's issue have I fil'd my mind
  • 2

    To corrupt.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

  • file cabinet

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。