Picture a rough metal file with rows of small raised teeth. Someone drags it along a piece of wood, stroke after stroke. Two things happen at the same time: a layer of the wood is worn away, and the room fills with a dry scratching noise. Almost every use of rasp keeps one of those two halves — the rough rubbing, or the rough sound the rubbing makes. In everyday English the sound half is the one you meet far more often, above all for a dry, worn-out voice.
From the word’s history
Wiktionary traces rasp to Middle English raspen 'to scratch, scrape', borrowed from Old French rasper 'to grate, scratch', and further back to Vulgar Latin *raspāre and Frankish *hraspōn. The oldest recorded meaning is the scraping action, which is the same action the tool and the sound both come from.
根據 Wiktionary，rasp 來自中古英文 raspen（抓、刮），再往前是古法文 rasper「磨、刮」，更早可以接到通俗拉丁文 *raspāre 與法蘭克語 *hraspōn。最早記錄下來的意思就是「刮」這個動作。工具與聲音，都可以看成從這個動作長出來的兩面。
Wiktionary etymology text supplied in this evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:854799654, entry 'rasp' noun/verb, etymology 1)
登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。