To abrade something is to rub it so hard, or so often, that the top layer wears away, scratches, or breaks.

To abrade something abrade某個東西 is to rub it so hard, or so often就是把它磨得那麼用力、或那麼頻繁, that the top layer wears away, scratches, or breaks以至於表面那層磨掉、刮傷或破損.

Sandpaper abrades old paint. Wind that carries sand can abrade rock over many years. A fall on the playground can abrade the skin on a knee.

Sandpaper abrades old paint砂紙會把舊油漆磨掉. Wind that carries sand can abrade rock over many years帶著沙子的風經過很多年可以把岩石磨蝕. A fall on the playground can abrade the skin on a knee在遊樂場跌倒可能會把膝蓋的皮膚磨破.

The verb is careful and a little technical: you will meet it in science, medicine, and product warnings (“may abrade the surface”). Everyday talk prefers “scrape,” “rub raw,” or “wear down.” Though actually, the noun abrasion (a scrape) and the adjective abrasive (paper or paste that rubs things down — and, stretched, a person whose manner rubs people the wrong way) show up far more than the verb itself.

The verb is careful and a little technical這個動詞用得謹慎、有點專業: you will meet it in science, medicine, and product warnings你會在科學、醫學和產品警語裡看到它 (“may abrade the surface”可能磨損表面). Everyday talk prefers “scrape,” “rub raw,” or “wear down.”日常說法比較常用scrape、rub raw或wear down. Though actually不過事實上, the noun abrasion (a scrape)名詞abrasion（擦傷） and the adjective abrasive形容詞abrasive (paper or paste that rubs things down指會把東西磨掉的紙或膏 — and, stretched而引申來說, a person whose manner rubs people the wrong way一個態度會惹惱別人的人) show up far more than the verb itself都比動詞本身更常出現.