A useful way to hold this word: something has been taken away, and what you are looking at is the shape of the gap it left. Not a thing that was never there — a thing that is gone. That is why bereft feels heavier than without: without reports an absence, bereft points at the removal. Turn the picture and you get a hall with no furniture or a team with no ideas left; turn it and you get a person with a hole where someone used to be.

可以想成:有樣東西被拿走了,你現在看到的是它留下的那個缺口。重點不是「從來沒有過」,而是「不見了」。這也是 bereft 比 without 重的地方:without 只報告「沒有」,bereft 指著「被拿走」這個動作。把這個畫面往外看,就是空掉的大廳、想不出辦法的隊伍;把它往內看,就是一個人心裡那個原本屬於某人的位置。

From the word’s history

Bereft is the old past participle of the verb bereave, to take something away from someone, written bireft in Middle English; it changes the way leave changes to left. A past participle names the state left behind after the action, which is exactly what the word does in both of its uses.

bereft 是動詞 bereave(奪走)的過去分詞,中古英語寫作 bireft,變化方式跟 leave 變成 left 一樣。過去分詞講的就是「動作做完之後留下的狀態」,這正好是這個字兩個意思在做的事。

Wiktionary entry supplied in this packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:702170566 / :702172632): From Middle English bireft, v. Middle English bireven; synchronically a form of bereaved; compare leave and left.

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