喜樂美語

One way to picture it: you take something in advance — before the proof arrives, you reach out and grab the answer, then act as if you already have it.

拉丁字根 prae-（在前面）+ sūmere（拿），也就是「提前把東西拿走」。證據還沒到，你已經先把答案抓在手上，然後就照著這個答案行動了。整個字的張力都在這裡——這個「先拿」有時候很合理（線索夠多，你合理推測），有時候就變成沒禮貌（你根本沒有那個資格，卻先拿了）。同一個動作，看你拿的是「結論」還是「別人的東西或善意」。

From the word’s history

Latin praesūmere = prae- (before) + sūmere (to take): literally 'to take beforehand'. Every modern sense is still someone taking something in advance of the entitlement to take it — a conclusion before the evidence, a right before the permission.

praesūmere 由 prae-（在…之前）加 sūmere（拿、取）組成，字面就是「提前拿走」。現代的每個用法其實都還在做同一件事：在「還沒有資格拿」的時候先拿了——推測是在證據到齊前先拿走結論，擅自是在得到允許前先拿走行動的權利。認出這個「提前拿」，五個意思就串成一條線。

Wiktionary（presume 詞條）：From Middle English presumen, from Anglo-Norman presumer, from Latin praesūmere ("to take beforehand, anticipate"), from prae- + sūmere ("to take").

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

容易混在一起的字在訂閱裡。容易混在一起的字需要訂閱帳號。

同家族的字

過去式 presumed過去分詞 presumed-ing presuming三單 presumes

用法接近

expectimposebelieveoverstepsupposetake advantagetakerequire

意思相反

knowprove

原始詞典資料5 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

presumeverb/pɹɪˈzjuːm/

  • 1

    To be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission [with to (+ infinitive)].

    • I don't want to pretend to be an authority on this line of business, so I would never presume to tell you how to run your own company.
    • There were no women at the birth of the International Gay Association in Coventry, England in 1978. The men there decided they would like lesbians to join; they would not presume to formulate aims for them but would adjust the organization if and when women joined it.
  • 2

    archaicTo perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission.

    • Don't make the decision yourself and presume too much.
  • 3

    To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose.

    • Paw-prints in the snow allow us to presume a visit from next door's cat.
    • Dr. Livingstone, I presume?
  • 4

    To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument.

    • If we presume that human cloning may one day become a mundane, everyday reality, then maybe it's time to start thinking more positively about our soon-to-arrive genetically engineered pseudo-siblings.
  • 5

    To impose (on) for one's advantage; to be presumptuous; to take advantage (of); to take liberties (with) [with on or upon].

    • Thanks, but I can't accept the money; I would not want to presume on the generosity of a stranger'
    • Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain; Thou gavest me thine, not to give back again.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。