喜樂美語

You could picture a judge who the verdict before the trial begins — before hearing a single witness. That 'before' is what sits inside the word: a judgement that has already taken shape before anyone looked at the facts. From there it goes two ways — an opinion formed too early, and the harm that falls on whoever is judged that way.

可以想成：法官在開庭之前就把判決書寫好了——證人一個都還沒傳，結論已經定案。這個字裡藏著的就是那個「提前」的動作：在看清楚事實之前，判斷就已經成形。從這個畫面往兩邊長，一邊是「太早下的看法」，另一邊是「被這樣判定的人所受到的損害」。

From the word’s history

From Latin praeiudicium: prae- 'before' + iudicium 'judgment' — a judgement made before the trial. Etymonline records that the same Latin word already carried both 'prior judgment' and 'damage, harm'. English took both strands: the legal sense 'detriment or damage caused by violating a legal right' is mid-14c., and 'preconceived opinion' is late 14c. That is why one word covers an unfair opinion and a harm done to someone's rights.

拉丁文 praeiudicium ＝ prae-（在…之前）＋ iudicium（判決）：開庭之前就先下的判斷。Etymonline 指出，這個拉丁字本身就同時帶著「事先的判決」和「損害、傷害」兩層意思，而英文把兩條線都接收了：14 世紀中期先有「因權利受侵害而造成的損害」，14 世紀末才有「先入為主的看法」。所以同一個字既能指不公平的看法，也能指對權益造成的損害——這兩個看似無關的義項，其實是同一個拉丁字的兩條老路。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry 'prejudice' — https://www.etymonline.com/word/prejudice

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

同家族的字

n複數 prejudices

v過去式 prejudiced過去分詞 prejudiced-ing prejudicing三單 prejudices

原始詞典資料8 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

prejudicenoun/ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/

  • 1

    An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts.

    • Many of the inhabitants of our Eastern States refuse to eat Squirrels of any kind, from some prejudice or other; but we can assure our readers that the flesh of this species, and many others, is both tender and well-flavoured, and when nicely broiled, does not require a hunter’s appetite to recommend it.
    • Though often misled by prejudice and passion, he was emphatically an honest man.
  • 2

    A preconception, any preconceived opinion or feeling, whether positive or negative.

    • Morality is but a prejudice.
  • 3

    An irrational hostile attitude, fear or hatred towards a particular group, race or religion.

    • I am free of all prejudices. I hate everyone equally.
    • "I did not thoroughly understand what you were telling your brother," cried Emma, "about your friend Mr. Graham's intending to have a bailiff from Scotland, to look after his new estate. But will it answer? Will not the old prejudice be too strong?"
  • 4

    obsoleteKnowledge formed in advance; foresight, presaging.

    • […] the first did in the forepart sit, / That nought mote hinder his quicke preiudize: / He had a sharpe foresight, and working wit […]
  • 5

    obsoleteMischief; hurt; damage; injury; detriment.

    • England and France might, through their amity, / Breed him some prejudice.
    • For Pens, so usefull for Scholars to note the remarkables they read, with an impression easily deleble without prejudice to the Book.

prejudiceverb/ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/

  • 1

    To have a negative impact on (someone's position, chances etc.).

  • 2

    To cause prejudice in; to bias the mind of.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。