Picture a big flat case with loose sheets inside, carried under one arm. Then notice that we stop caring about the case and start caring about what is in it: the drawings become 'your portfolio', the papers of a government department become a minister's portfolio, and the certificates of what you own become an investment portfolio. The container quietly turns into the contents.
From the word’s history
From Italian portafoglio, literally 'a case for carrying loose papers' (porta 'carry' + foglio 'sheet, leaf'); in English from about 1719-1722 for the physical case. By 1835 it meant the official documents of a state department, and from there a minister's area of responsibility; the financial sense 'collection of securities held' dates from 1930.
來自義大利文 portafoglio，字面就是「拿散頁的夾子」（porta 拿 ＋ foglio 紙頁）。英文大約 1719–1722 年開始用它指那個實體的夾子；到 1835 年變成指某個部會的公文，再由此引申為部長主管的職務範圍；金融上的「持有的一組證券」則要到 1930 年才出現。所以順序是：先有夾子，再有夾子裡的東西，最後那些東西本身就成了這個字的意思。
Etymonline, 'portfolio' — https://www.etymonline.com/word/portfolio
登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
portfolionoun/pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/
- 1
A case for carrying papers, drawings, photographs, maps and other flat documents.
- He opened an embroidered portfolio; and, from its perfumed depths, took out a letter, which he began to read aloud.
- 2
The collection of such documents, especially the works of an artist or photographer, or more generally, a presentation of an individual's work samples and skills (a career portfolio).
- 3
governmentpoliticsThe post and the responsibilities of a cabinet minister or other head of a government department.
- His [Jared Kushner's] portfolio extended to foreign policy, as he brokered a new North American trade agreement and negotiated peace deals in the Middle East.
- 4
businessfinanceThe group of investments and other assets held by an investor.
- Behind his [Terry Smith's] success is a simple formula: buy shares in companies that make basic necessities – from toilet paper to nappies, baby food to pet food, soap to shampoo. […] It's why his portfolio of just 20 companies includes names such as Unilever […] and Imperial Tobacco (Lambert & Butler, Gauloises, John Player Special, Rizla).
- Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers.[…]Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
- 5
businessA collection of assets; (figurative) any collection of things considered as investments or assets, (rarely) also liabilities.
- I would like to introduce you to our portfolio of services.
- In the past, thoughts were too real to be kept like a cultural portfolio of stocks and bonds. But now we have mental assets.
- 6
A range of products.
- product portfolio
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。