喜樂美語
  1. 1aB2/ˈhɑːrmfəl/ · /ˈhɑːmfəl/有害的

    causing harm; able to hurt a person, an animal, a plant, or the world around us.

    示範例句 · Example

    The sun's rays can be very harmful to the skin, so put on sunscreen.

    逐字太陽的光線可以是非常有害的對皮膚，所以擦上防曬乳。

    「harmful」是英文裡常用的「會造成傷害」形容詞，提醒某事可能傷身體、傷環境。最常見句型是 be harmful to + 名詞，例如 harmful to your skin、harmful to the environment。和 bad for 很接近——bad for you 較口語；harmful 稍正式，常出現在健康與環境說明裡。反義是 harmless。核心畫面可以想成：harm 是「傷害」，加上 -ful 就像「帶有傷害」——所以 harmful 就是「會帶來傷害的」。

    常見搭配

    • harmful to

      對…有害

      causing harm to a person, animal, plant, or thing

      Too much bright screen light can be harmful to your eyes.

    • harmful effects

      有害的影響／效應

      bad results that hurt someone or something

      Wear a hat to protect yourself from the harmful effects of the sun.

    • harmful chemicals

      有害化學物質

      chemicals that can hurt people or nature

      Many cleaning products contain chemicals that can be harmful.

    • harmful bacteria

      有害細菌

      tiny living things that can make you ill

      Washing your hands helps stop harmful bacteria from spreading.

    • potentially harmful

      可能有害的；潛在有害的

      able to cause harm, even if it has not yet

      Some plants in the garden are potentially harmful if you touch them.

    • harmful side effects

      有害的副作用

      unwanted bad results that come with a medicine or treatment

      This natural cream has no harmful side effects.

core核心畫面

One way to see it: the thing does damage to whatever it touches. Not , not unpleasant — actually damaging, whether to a person's body, an animal, a plant, or the air and water around us. It names an effect, so it is often used where that effect has been measured.

可以想成這樣東西會對它碰到的對象造成實際的損害：不是嚇人、也不是討厭，而是真的傷得到——傷到人的身體、動物、植物，或周遭的空氣和水。它講的是「造成的效果」，所以常出現在有研究數據的場合。

同家族的字

比較級 more harmful最高級 most harmful

原始詞典資料1 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

harmfuladj/ˈhɑːmfl̩/

  • 1

    Causing or likely to cause harm or damage; injurious.

    • Wear a hat to protect your skin from harmful sunlight.
    • Smoking is harmful to the lungs.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。