A useful picture: two surfaces pressed together, and one is trying to move across the other. Something invisible resists — the movement is not free, it drags, it heats up, and if it keeps going, something wears down. Friction is that resistance where two things touch and try to move past each other.
From the word’s history
From Latin frictio, 'a rubbing, a rubbing down', from fricare 'to rub'. The oldest sense is the plain physical act of rubbing; the force and the human tension are both later readings of that same rubbing.
來自拉丁語 frictio，意思是「摩擦、搓揉」，動詞是 fricare（搓、擦）。最早的意思就是最實在的那個動作——搓、擦、磨。後來科學拿它去命名那股阻力，日常語言又拿它去講人跟人之間的不合；但三個用法底下都是同一個動作：貼著、蹭著、磨著。
Online Etymology Dictionary / Wiktionary (friction ← Latin frictio ← fricare 'to rub')
登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
frictionnoun/ˈfɹɪkʃən/
- 1
The rubbing of one object or surface against another.
- Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.
- 2
natural-sciencesphysical-sciencesphysicsA force that resists the relative motion or tendency to such motion of two bodies in contact.
- Secondly, When a body is once in motion it will continue to move forever, unless something stops it. When a ball is struck on the surface of the earth, the friction of the earth and the resistance of the air soon stop its motion.
- 3
obsoletemedicinesciencesA massage of the body to restore circulation.
- The frictions should at first be very gentle, and performed with a view to restore heat, and not to force the blood towards the heart, which in drowned persons is already too much distended with it.
- The frictions are made at bedtime, on a limited portion of the body, and on one side only—the calf of the leg by preference, or the thigh, groin, or axilla. It is enough to continue rubbing for from three to five minutes at most.
- 4
Conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests; clash.
- Thais have been watching for signs of friction between the armed forces and the monarchy—the country's two biggest sources of political power—since the death in October of Bhumibol Adulyadej, King Vajiralongkorn's long-reigning father.
- Once finances are stabilised, getting Crossrail finished is Byford's most obvious task. Late and over budget, it is causing unwanted headlines and friction between the London Mayor and the Department for Transport that both sides would rather live without.
- 5
historicalConflict during the Second Sino-Japanese War, as between the Communists and non-hanjian Kuomintang forces.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。