喜樂美語

A useful picture: dirt so thick it makes you recoil — not 'needs a wipe' but 'I don't want to touch that'. The word carries the speaker's disgust, and that disgust is what travels: to language that feels dirty, to a look that feels ugly, to weather that leaves everything wet and muddy, and finally to a bare .

髒到讓人下意識往後退一步。不是「桌上有點灰、擦一下就好」，而是那種黑掉的鍋底、多年沒洗的窗簾、你不太想用手碰的東西。dirty 只是陳述髒，filthy 多了說話者的一股嫌惡——這股「噁心、受不了」的感覺才是這個字真正的核心。所以它後來跑到別的地方時，帶走的不是「泥巴」，而是那個嫌惡：讓人反感的話、讓人不舒服的臉色、讓人狼狽的天氣，最後乾脆變成純粹加強語氣的字。

From the word’s history

filthy is Middle English filthi, simply filth + -y: 'having the quality of filth'. Filth itself goes back to Old English fȳlþ, formed from fūl 'foul, rotten' — so the word is built on rot and stink, not on mere dust, which is why it has always carried revulsion rather than neutral description.

filthy 在中古英語就是 filth（污穢）+ -y，字面上「具有污穢性質的」。而 filth 再往前是古英語 fȳlþ，由 fūl（腐臭的、令人作嘔的，也就是今天的 foul）構成。也就是說，這個字的根不是「灰塵」而是「腐爛發臭」——它從一開始講的就不是乾淨與否，而是會不會讓人反胃。這解釋了為什麼 filthy 從頭到尾都帶著說話者的厭惡，也解釋了它為什麼能自然地拿去罵髒話、罵臉色。

Payload etymology (Middle English filthy = filth + -y), extended with the standard derivation of filth from Old English fȳlþ, an abstract noun formed on fūl 'foul'.

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

容易混在一起的字在訂閱裡。容易混在一起的字需要訂閱帳號。

同家族的字

比較級 filthier最高級 filthiest

原始詞典資料6 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

filthyadj/ˈfɪlθi/

  • 1

    Covered with filth; very dirty.

    • The coaches were filthy outside and did not appear to have been painted or washed for years. Inside there were uncomfortable seats covered with a cane-like material.
  • 2

    Obscene or offensive.

    • Filthy smirking Pat Robertson has come in second in the Iowa Republican caucuses.
  • 3

    Very unpleasant or disagreeable.

    • Oh, that filthy dream again. Nightmares are bad enough but when it comes to night-toads—!
  • 4

    slangAngry; upset; severely annoyed.

    • Terrific fun it was. My best mate saved me, and the teacher was filthy.

filthyverb/ˈfɪlθi/

  • 1

    To make very dirty; to saturate something with dirt.

    • In the years following World War Two, Americans cut down vast forests, built thousands of factories, assembled millions of atmospherically toxic automobiles, and filthied the water throughout North America.
  • 2

    To cover in filth.

    • He shouldered his way inside, filthying his T-shirt on the charred wood.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。