喜樂美語

Picture a "just enough" line — what you need, what's allowed, what your body can take. Excess is the part that spills past that line: the extra, the more-than-needed, the gone-too-far. Whether it's a spare stack of paper, overweight luggage, or behaviour taken too far, the picture is the same: something has pushed out beyond where it should have stopped.

可以想成有一條「剛剛好」的線——需要多少、規定多少、身體能承受多少，就到那條線為止。excess 講的是「越過那條線、溢出來的那一塊」：多出來、用不到、或已經過頭的部分。無論是多餘的一疊紙、超重的行李，還是玩過了頭的行為，畫面都是同一個：東西衝出了本來該停的地方。

From the word’s history

From Latin excedere: ex- "out" + cedere "to go" — literally "to go beyond." The word has carried "crossing the line" from the start, whether the line is a quantity or a limit on behaviour.

excess 來自拉丁文 excedere，ex-（向外）＋ cedere（走），字面是「走出去、走過頭」。所以這個字從根上就帶著「越過界線」的動作——今天無論指多出來的量，還是過分的行為，核心畫面都還是「跨出了本來該停的那條線」。

etymonline.com/word/excess

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

意思相近

surpluswrongdoingoverflowabusesglutoutragesoverabundanceoverindulgenceextraextravagancespareimmoderation+2

原始詞典資料7 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

excessnoun/ˈɛksɛs/

  • 1

    The state of surpassing or going beyond a limit; the state of being beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; more than what is usual or proper.

    • The excess of heavy water was given away to the neighbouring country.
    • I leaped up in an excess of enthusiasm.
  • 2

    The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder.

    • The difference between two numbers is the excess of one over the other.
  • 3

    An act of eating or drinking more than enough.

    • And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess.
    • Fair Angel, thy desire . . . . . . leads to no excess That reaches blame
  • 4

    geometrymathematicssciencesSpherical excess, the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.

  • 5

    businessinsuranceA condition on an insurance policy by which the insured pays for a part of the claim.

excessadj/ˈɛksɛs/

  • 1

    More than is normal, necessary or specified.

excessverb/ˈɛksɛs/

  • 1

    To declare (an employee) surplus to requirements, such that he or she might not be given work.

    • In 2006, I was excessed because my program had to make a few cuts and a new, inexperienced supervisor decided that he couldn’t handle a knowledgeable older teacher so he removed me.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。