One way to hold charger together: it is 'the one that does the charging'. The -er ending names a , and the verb charge pulls in two directions at once — filling something up, and rushing forward. Each meaning of charger sits on one of those two pulls, so the word is best pictured as a family of rather than one single object.
From the word’s history
Wiktionary records charger as Middle English chargere, that is charge + -er, the ending that names the person or thing that performs the action.
Wiktionary 記錄 charger 來自中古英語 chargere，也就是 charge 加上 -er；-er 就是「做這個動作的人或東西」。這條線索正好解釋為什麼同一個字可以是器材、是馬、也是盤子——它們共同點不是長相，而是「都在做 charge」。
Wiktionary entry for charger (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1116093706:29686): "From Middle English chargere, equivalent to charge + -er."
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