One way to picture it: someone who cannot take something in — what is offered gets pushed back out, whether by the mind or by the body.
From the word’s history
From Latin intolerans (in- + tolerans, from tolerare, to bear or endure), reaching English in the 18th century, probably via French intolérant.
源頭是拉丁文 tolerare「撐住、承受」，intolerans 就是「撐不住的」。這個字在英文裡出現得比想像中晚（十八世紀初），而且 tolerant 本身也是同一時期才有——兩個字幾乎是一起長出來的，正好是歐洲開始認真吵「該不該容許別人信別的宗教」的年代，字的重量從此就定在那裡了。
Latin intolerāns / French intolérant, as given in the entry's origin note
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原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
intolerantadj/ɪnˈtɑləɹənt/
- 1
Unable or indisposed to tolerate, endure or bear.
- 2
medicinesciencesUnable to digest food or be given substances of a certain composition without adverse effects.
- Near-synonym: allergic
- I am intolerant of lactose, so I can't drink milk
- 3
Not tolerant; close-minded about new or different ideas; indisposed to tolerate contrary opinions or beliefs; impatient of dissent or opposition; denying or refusing the right of private opinion or choice in others; inclined to persecute or suppress dissent.
- Whilſt Congregationaliſts in England were complaining of the intolerant ſpirit of Epiſcopalians there
- They ſhewed their intolerant ſpirit by demanding a ſtrict execution of the penal laws againſt Catholics
intolerantnoun/ɪnˈtɑləɹənt/
- 1
One who is intolerant; a bigot.
- […] a portion of the prejudice which darkened the spirits of these intolerants, might perhaps have cast its shadow over him.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。