喜樂美語

harbor 是 harbour 的美式拼法，意思一樣。多益（TOEIC）用美式拼法。

harbor · harbour

One way to hold it: a place that keeps what is inside it safe from what is outside. Ships sit still in the harbour while the open sea is rough. The verb is that same shelter turned into an action — you hold something inside you where the world cannot get at it: a grudge, a hope, in a damp corner, or a person the police are looking for.

可以想成一個有遮蔽的地方，把裡面的東西護住，不受外面影響：外海風浪大，船在港裡卻穩穩停著。動詞就是把這個「遮蔽」變成動作——把某樣東西藏在自己裡面，外界碰不到：一份怨恨、一個希望、潮濕角落裡的細菌，或警方正在找的人。

From the word’s history

Harbour is from Middle English herberwe, from Old English here-beorg, literally "army shelter" (here "army" + beorg "protection, shelter"), originally "temporary lodgings". The noun narrowed by the early 12c. to "lodging for ships; sheltered recess in a coastline"; the verb "give shelter to, protect" is mid-14c., with the figurative "harbour thoughts or fugitives" following in the late 14c.

harbour 來自中古英語 herberwe、古英語 here-beorg，字面是「軍隊的庇護所」（here「軍隊」＋ beorg「保護、遮蔽」），原意是臨時的落腳處。名詞在十二世紀初收窄成「船的落腳處、海岸邊有遮蔽的凹處」；動詞「給予庇護」出現在十四世紀中葉，之後在十四世紀晚期才有「心裡藏著某種念頭」「窩藏某人」的引申。所以港口和「心懷」不是兩個字，而是同一個「庇護」畫面的兩端。

Etymonline (etymonline.com/word/harbor)

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

n複數 harbours

v過去式 harboured過去分詞 harboured-ing harbouring三單 harbours

用法接近

portnursedockbrood overpierhold on tojettycontainmooringholdmarinabreed+3

意思相反

open seaforgivelet go offorgetkill offclear outhand overturn inreport

原始詞典資料11 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Harborname

  • 1

    A surname, variant of Harbour.

  • 2

    A census-designated place in Curry County, Oregon, United States.

harbornoun詞源 1/ˈhɑːbə/

  • 1

    Any place of shelter.

    • The neighborhood is a well-known harbor for petty thieves.
  • 2

    nauticaltransportA sheltered expanse of water, adjacent to land, in which ships may anchor or dock, especially for loading and unloading.

    • [T]here aboutes dwelt greate multitudes of people half wilde, hiding thẽſelues in caues of the grounde, of ſmall ſtature, and very fearefull, for as ſoone as they ſawe them they fled into their holes, and that there was a great riuer and very good harborough.
    • A harbor, even if it is a little harbor, is a good thing, since adventurers come into it as well as go out, and the life in it grows strong, because it takes something from the world and has something to give in return.
  • 3

    A mixing box for materials.

  • 4

    obsoleteA house of the zodiac, or the mansion of a heavenly body.

  • 5

    obsoleteShelter, refuge.

harborverb詞源 2/ˈhɑːbə/

  • 1

    To provide a harbor or safe place for.

    • The docks, which once harbored tall ships, now harbor only petty thieves.
    • Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.
  • 2

    To take refuge or shelter in a protected expanse of water.

    • The fleet harbored in the south.
  • 3

    To drive (a hunted stag) to covert.

    • This is the time that the horseman are flung out, not having the cry to lead them to the death. When quadruped animals of the venery or hunting kind are at rest, the stag is said to be harboured, the buck lodged, the fox kennelled, the badger earthed, the otter vented or watched, the hare formed, and the rabbit set.
  • 4

    To hold or persistently entertain in one's thoughts or mind.

    • She harbors a conviction that her husband has a secret, criminal past.
    • He said, “I am full of anger and bitterness at those people, but I will go to an AA meeting today and try to divest myself of these resentments, because if I hang on to resentments, I will drink again.” It occurred to me that this man was fortunate in being aware that harboring resentments is destructive.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。