You can think of bodice as the upper body drawn in cloth: a piece that starts at the shoulders, closes round the chest and back, and stops at the waist. Everything the word does follows from where that piece sits. Sometimes it is sewn into a dress, sometimes it is a garment of its own worn over a , sometimes it is worn under everything else — but it is always the same shoulders-to-waist shape.
From the word’s history
The word comes from bodies, the plural of body, which in older English could mean the upper part of a dress. So the name already says where the piece sits.
這個字來自 bodies，也就是 body 的複數；舊英文裡 body 可以指「洋裝的上半身」。所以這個字從一開始講的就是身體那一塊的布，名字本身就把位置說清楚了。
Wiktionary entry 'bodice' (kaikki extract, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1024768048:24096): 'From bodies, plural of body (upper part of a dress).'
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