Picture the top of a shirt. One collar is white and stays clean all day, because the work is papers, screens and meetings. The other collar belongs to a tough work shirt, because the work is hands and machines and dust. English picked up that one small detail — the colour at the neck — and used it to name two whole worlds of work. Once you see the collar, everything the word does follows: it tells you where the work happens and what it is done with, and it says nothing at all about who matters more.
From the word’s history
The name comes from the colour of the dress shirts worn by professional and clerical workers, as against the tough denim and chambray shirts worn by manual workers.
這個名字來自襯衫的顏色:辦公室和事務性工作的人穿白襯衫,體力工作的人穿的是耐磨的丹寧或粗棉工作衫。所以「白領」這個畫面不是比喻,它本來就是在講真的衣服,後來才變成整類工作的代號。
Wiktionary, English entry 'white-collar' (etymology_text), packet source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:30046876:8198