1. 1(故意)毀損、破壞(公物或他人財物)

    To vandalize something is to damage or destroy it on purpose. The thing damaged is nearly always something you do not own — a car, a shop, a bus shelter, a grave, a website.

    To vandalize something is to damage or destroy it on purposevandalize 某樣東西,就是故意去損壞或破壞它。The thing damaged is nearly always something you do not own被損壞的東西幾乎總是你不擁有的東西——a car, a shop, a bus shelter, a grave, a website一輛車、一間店、一個公車亭、一座墳墓、一個網站。

    It is a transitive verb: something must follow it, so ‘they vandalized the school’, never ‘they vandalized’ alone. You meet it most often in the passive, because the person who did it is unknown: ‘the playground has been vandalized again’.

    It is a transitive verb它是及物動詞:something must follow it後面一定要接東西,so 'they vandalized the school', never 'they vandalized' alone所以是 'they vandalized the school',絕不會單獨說 'they vandalized'。You meet it most often in the passive你最常在被動式裡遇到它,because the person who did it is unknown因為做這件事的人通常不明:'the playground has been vandalized again'「操場又被 vandalized 了」。

    British writing usually spells it vandalise with an s; American writing uses the z; both are correct, just pick one and stay with it. The word carries anger and judgement — it is not a neutral way to say ‘broke’. That is why it gets borrowed in arguments: people say a building was vandalized by a bad renovation, or that a Wikipedia page was vandalized when someone wrote nonsense in it.

    British writing usually spells it vandalise with an s英式寫法通常拼成帶 s 的 vandalise;American writing uses the z美式寫法用 z;both are correct, just pick one and stay with it兩種都對,選一種然後保持一致就好。The word carries anger and judgement這個字帶著憤怒和批判的語氣——it is not a neutral way to say 'broke'它不是說「壞掉了」那種中性的說法。That is why it gets borrowed in arguments這就是為什麼人們會在爭論裡借用它:people say a building was vandalized by a bad renovation有人會說一棟建築物被一次糟糕的翻修 vandalized 了,or that a Wikipedia page was vandalized when someone wrote nonsense in it或說某個維基百科頁面在被人寫進胡言亂語後被 vandalized 了。

core核心畫面

組成vandal (‘a destroyer’, from the ancient Germanic people) + -ize, the ending that turns a noun into a verb meaning ‘act like that / make into that’. The -ize ending itself travelled a long way: Ancient Greek -ίζω → Late Latin -izō → French -iser → English.

同家族的字

原始詞典資料1 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

vandalizeverb/ˈvændəlaɪz/

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    American, Canadian, and Oxford British English standard spelling of vandalise.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。