喜樂美語
  1. 1nA2/ˈsɜːrneɪm/ · /ˈsɜːneɪm/姓；姓氏

    The name that you share with the rest of your family, and that a woman sometimes takes from her husband when she marries. In English it comes at the end of your full name.

    示範例句 · Example

    My surname is Lin, so my teachers call me Mei Lin on the first day.

    逐字我的姓是林，所以我的老師們在第一天叫我美林。

    「surname」就是中文的「姓」——跟爸媽、家人共用的那個名字；有些女生結婚後會改用先生的姓，也有人保留原本的姓。最需要注意的是位置：中文「林小美」姓放在最前面，英文的 full name 把 surname 放在最後面，所以 Mei Lin 的 surname 是 Lin。surname、last name、family name 講的是同一件事，last name 在美式英文比較常聽到。這個字的畫面可以想成「加在自己名字上面、全家共用的那個名字」——sur- 本來就有「加上去」的意思。

    常見搭配

    • your first name and surname

      名字和姓

      the two main parts of your full name

      Write your first name and surname at the top of the paper.

    • a common surname

      常見的姓

      a family name that many people have

      Chen is a very common surname in Taiwan.

    • know someone's surname

      知道某人姓什麼

      to know what family name a person has

      He didn't even know her surname.

    • change your surname

      改姓

      to start using a different family name

      Some people change their surname after they get married.

    • share a surname

      同姓

      to have the same family name as someone else

      The two girls share a surname, so people often think they are sisters.

    意思相近

    last namefamily name

    用法接近

    last namefamily nameforenamefirst namegiven namemiddle namemaiden nameinitials

    意思相反

    first namegiven nameforename

core核心畫面

The part of your name that is not just yours — it is the family's, shared by everyone in it. In English it sits at the end, after the name your parents chose for you alone.

可以想成 surname 是「名字裡屬於整個家的那一半」：first name 是只給你一個人的，surname 則是全家共用的那個名，也可能因為結婚而換成配偶那邊的。英文的排法跟中文相反——中文的姓在前（王小明的「王」），英文的姓擺在最後（Emma Watson 的 Watson），表格上寫 surname 或 last name 要填的就是它。

複數 surnames

意思相近

last namefamily name

用法接近

last namefamily nameforenamefirst namegiven namemiddle namemaiden nameinitials

意思相反

first namegiven nameforename

原始詞典資料6 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

surnamenoun/ˈsɜːˌneɪm/

  • 1

    The portion of a person's name that is generally hereditary or treated as an indicator of a person's family, which may be shared with other members of the family, or otherwise derived from their names in some fashion; distinguished from that person's given name(s).

    • James is my first name, and Smith is my surname.
    • In late yeeres Surnames have beene given for Christian names among vs, and no where else in Christendom.
  • 2

    obsoleteSynonym of epithet, an additional name, particularly those derived from a birthplace, quality, or achievement.

    • Barsabas (whose syrname was Iustus).
    • My sirname is Peace-Maker, one that is but poorely regarded in England.
  • 3

    obsoleteSynonym of nickname, an additional name given to a person, place, or thing, a byname.

    • I have before declared that Baal was the Sun, and Baal Peor, a sirname, from a particular place of his worship.
  • 4

    The cognomen of Roman names.

surnameverb/ˈsɜːˌneɪm/

  • 1

    To give a surname to.

  • 2

    To call by a surname.

    • “Lord,” said Sir Launcelot, “I am hight Launcelot, and am surnamed ‘He of the Lake.’”
    • The man, surnamed Hsieh (謝), was arrested in the city’s Jhonghe District (中和) on Friday afternoon, after investigators combed through surveillance video footage a day earlier, police said.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。