- 1多餘（的部分）、過剩；文言一點可說「冗餘」。注意這是書面語，中文若用「太多」就太口語了，語感上比較接近「過猶不及」的那個「過」
A superfluity of something is more of it than you need — an amount that spills past the point of . It is a formal, noun, and you will meet it far more often in writing than in speech; if you said it at lunch, people would notice. It is usually followed by 'of': 'a superfluity of choices', 'a superfluity of detail'.
A superfluity of something某樣東西的 superfluity is more of it than you need是超過你需要的量——an amount that spills past the point of usefulness多到超出有用的程度。It is a formal, bookish noun這是個正式、書面的名詞，and you will meet it far more often in writing than in speech而且你在寫作裡遇到它的機會遠比在口語裡多；if you said it at lunch如果你在吃午餐時說出這個字，people would notice大家會注意到。It is usually followed by 'of'它後面通常接 'of'：'a superfluity of choices'像 'a superfluity of choices'（選擇過多）, 'a superfluity of detail'或 'a superfluity of detail'（細節過多）。
Two things are worth watching. First, the tone is almost always , even when the thing itself is good: 'a superfluity of talent' still hints that some of that talent is going to waste.
Two things are worth watching有兩件事值得留意。First, the tone is almost always faintly disapproving第一，語氣幾乎都帶點輕微的不贊同，even when the thing itself is good即使那樣東西本身是好的：'a superfluity of talent' still hints that some of that talent is going to waste'a superfluity of talent'（才華過剩）還是暗示那些才華有一部分會被浪費。
Second, it can point in two directions. Sometimes it names the excess amount ('a superfluity of rules'), and sometimes it names the leftover things themselves — the extras that could be cut away.
Second, it can point in two directions第二，它可以指向兩個方向。Sometimes it names the excess amount有時它指的是過多的量('a superfluity of rules')（像 'a superfluity of rules'，規則過多）, and sometimes it names the leftover things themselves有時它指的是剩下的那些東西本身——the extras that could be cut away就是那些可以被砍掉的多餘部分。
Older writers, especially, used the plural 'superfluities' to mean luxuries, the things a person does not really need. That older use is why the word can carry a small moral flavour, as if having too much were a mild fault.
Older writers, especially早期的作家尤其如此，used the plural 'superfluities' to mean luxuries用複數 'superfluities' 來指奢侈品，the things a person does not really need也就是一個人並不真正需要的東西。That older use is why the word can carry a small moral flavour這個較舊的用法，就是為什麼這個字帶著一點道德的味道，as if having too much were a mild fault彷彿擁有太多本身就是個小小的過錯。
core核心畫面
組成superfluous + -ity. The -ity ending turns an adjective into a noun naming the quality — so superfluity is literally 'the state of being superfluous'. Behind it, Latin super ('over, above') + fluere ('to flow'): the picture is of water flowing over the edge of a full container.
同家族的字
- superfluousthe adjective this noun is built from — same super- + flow root
- fluidshares Latin fluere, 'to flow'
- influenceLatin in- + fluere, something 'flowing in'
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
superfluitynoun/ˌsuː.pəˈfluː.ɪ.ti/
- 1
The quality or state of being superfluous; overflowingness.
- [S]he could not but contrast the splendour of the Polish retinues and their plumages and draperies, with the strait-buttoned Prussian dignitaries, all in mere soldier uniform, succinct 'blue coat, white linen gaiters,' and no superfluity even in the epaulettes and red facings.
- Each stores has its own storekeeper, a clerk who specializes in organizing his department so that there is not a superfluity of one article and a scarcity of another.
- 2
Something superfluous, such as a luxury.
- As they had almost all the conveniencies of life within themselves, they seldom visited towns or cities in search of superfluity.
- I really doubt whether there be such a thing as a heart in the world: perhaps, after all, it is only an elegant superfluity kept for the use of poets. Certainly we have no use for it here.
- 3
rareA group of nuns.
- These probably mark the dwelling of a colony, or to speak more precisely, according to Dame Juliana Berners, a superfluity of nuns from Godstow, which nunnery had a cell there, and was patron of the living.
- Alice put Anna back on the shelf and turned up the volume on the TV, where a local news reporter was imparting a salutary tale of woe involving a superfluity of nuns who'd got into a scrape at a crab festival.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。