1. 1勉強容忍、被默許(多用於 on sufferance:人家沒趕你走而已,並非歡迎你)

    Sufferance turns up almost only in the fixed phrase on sufferance. If you are somewhere on sufferance, you are allowed to be there, but only because nobody has bothered to throw you out — the person in charge would rather you were gone. It carries a cold feeling: not welcome, just tolerated.

    Sufferance幾乎 turns up almost only只出現 in the fixed phrase在固定用法 on sufferance on sufferance裡。If you are somewhere on sufferance如果你在某個地方是on sufferance,you你 are allowed to be there被允許待在那裡,but only because只是因為 nobody has bothered to throw you out沒有人特地把你趕出去——the person in charge負責的人 would rather you were gone其實比較希望你走。It它 carries a cold feeling帶著一種冷淡的感覺:not welcome不是受歡迎,just tolerated只是被容忍而已。

    A worker kept on after everyone knows he should have retired, a nephew sleeping on a sofa while the family waits for him to move out, a small shop still open because the landlord has not yet decided to sell.

    A worker一個員工 kept on被留下來 after everyone knows he should have retired即使大家都知道他該退休了、a nephew一個姪子 sleeping on a sofa睡在沙發上 while the family waits for him to move out而家人等著他搬出去、a small shop一間小店 still open還開著 because the landlord has not yet decided to sell因為房東還沒決定要賣。

    You will meet it in novels, in newspapers, and in legal or historical writing about land and rights, where a tenant may be described as holding property on sufferance. Standing alone the noun is rare and formal, but it means the same thing: putting up with something without of it.

    You你 will meet it會遇到它 in novels在小說裡,in newspapers在報紙裡,and in legal or historical writing以及有關土地和權利的法律或歷史文獻裡 about land and rights,where a tenant在那裡一個房客 may be described as holding property on sufferance可能被說成是on sufferance持有這塊產業。Standing alone單獨使用時 the noun這個名詞 is rare and formal很少見而且正式,but而 it means the same thing意思一樣:putting up with something容忍某件事 without approving of it卻不認同它。

    Here suffer keeps its older meaning, "to allow" or "to put up with", not "to be in pain" — which is why the word feels strange until you know that.

    Here在這裡,suffer suffer保留了 keeps its older meaning它較舊的意思,"to allow" or "to put up with"「允許」或「容忍」,not "to be in pain"不是「感到痛苦」——which is why這也是為什麼 the word feels strange until you know that在你知道這點之前這個字讀起來會怪怪的。

core核心畫面

組成suffer + -ance. The ending -ance turns a verb into a noun for the action or the state. Suffer came from Latin sufferre, made of sub- (under) and ferre (to carry) — to carry something underneath, to bear it. That is the picture: bearing a person's presence rather than wanting it.

同家族的字

  • sufferthe verb it is built on, in its older sense "to allow, to bear"
  • transfersame Latin ferre, to carry — carry across
  • offersame Latin ferre, to carry — carry toward someone

原始詞典資料5 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

sufferancenoun/ˈsʌf(ə)ɹəns/

  • 1

    archaicEndurance, especially patiently, of pain or adversity.

    • At length when as he ſaw her haſtie heat / Abate, and panting breath begin to fayle, / He through long ſufferãce growing now more great, / Roſe in his strength, and gan her freſh aſſayle, [...]
    • I indulged in this meditation for a moment, and then again addressed the mourner, who stood leaning against the bed with that expression of resigned despair, of complete misery, and a patient sufferance of it, which is far more touching than any of the insane ravings or wild gesticulation of untamed sorrow.
  • 2

    Acquiescence or tacit compliance with some circumstance, behavior, or instruction.

    • [M]oſt wretched man, / That to affections does the bridle lend; / In their beginning they are weake and wan, / But ſoone through ſuff'rance growe to fearefull end; [...]
    • Somewhiles by sufferance, and somewhiles by special leave and favour, they erected to themselves oratories.
  • 3

    archaicSuffering; pain, misery.

    • The sufferances which simply touch us in minde, doe much lesse afflict me, then most men [...].
    • Fortune, do diuorce / It from the bearer, 'tis a ſufferance, panging / As ſoule and bodies ſeuering.
  • 4

    obsoleteLoss; damage; injury.

    • The deſperate Tempeſt has ſo bang'd the Turke, / That their deſignement halts; Another ſhippe of Venice hath ſeene / A greeuous wracke and ſufferance / On moſt part of the Fleete.
  • 5

    historicalA permission granted by the customs authorities for the shipment of goods.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。