One way to hold this word: the sound in the room is the same for everyone, but for this person some of it does not arrive. How much is missing is not part of the word — a little or all of it, the word covers both. That is why notices and forms reach for it.
可以想成房間裡的聲音對每個人都一樣,但對這個人來說,有一部分沒有到達。少了多少,這個字不說。少一點、或是完全聽不到,都包在裡面。impaired 的意思就是「被削弱」,不是「沒有」。正因為範圍這麼寬,公告、表格、法規才特別愛用它——一個字就把所有情況都涵蓋了。這個字的兩個用法,差別只在它指的是一個人,還是一整群人。