One way to hold it: two people carrying the same load together — labour shared, with the work pointing at one goal. The picture says nothing about whether that goal is good.

兩個人一起扛同一件工作——com-(一起)加上 labor(勞動),力氣往同一個目標使。要注意的是,這個畫面只講「一起出力」,完全沒說那個目標是好是壞;正因為畫面本身是中性的,這個字後來才能同時長出「合作」跟「通敵」兩種截然不同的用法。

From the word’s history

From Late Latin collaborare, from com- 'together' + laborare 'to work' (from labor 'labour'); English borrowed it in the 19th century, partly as a back-formation from collaborator.

來自晚期拉丁文 collabōrāre,拆開就是 com-(一起)+ labōrāre(勞動、工作,來自 labor)。所以這個字字面上就是「一起做工」,英語在十九世紀才借進來,一部分是從 collaborator 反推出來的。字根裡只有「一起出力」,沒有任何褒貶——這正好解釋了為什麼同一個字既可以是研究室裡的合作,也可以是戰時的通敵。

Wiktionary (collaborate; Late Latin collabōrāre, com- + labōrāre)

登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。

原始詞典資料2 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

collaborateverb/kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/

  • 1

    To work together with others to achieve a common goal.

    • Let's collaborate on this project, and get it finished faster.
    • Wikipedia is a website where anyone can collaborate.
  • 2

    To voluntarily cooperate treasonably, as with an enemy occupation force in one's country.

    • If you collaborate with the occupying forces, you will be shot.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。